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Shiloh & Antietam: The 1862 Battles That Saved the Union
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About Shiloh & Antietam: The 1862 Battles That Saved The
*Includes pictures of important people, places, and events. *Includes maps of the battles. *Analyzes the generalship of the battles' most important leaders, including Lee and McClellan at Antietam, and Grant, Sherman and Johnston at Shiloh. *Includes descriptions of the fighting at both battles from the post-battle reports of some of the leading generals. *Includes a Bibliography of each Battle for further reading. After Union General Ulysses S. Grant captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in early 1862, Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston, widely considered the Confederacy’s best general, concentrated his forces in northern Georgia and prepared for a major offensive that culminated with the biggest battle of the war to that point, the Battle of Shiloh. On the morning of April 6, Johnston directed an all out attack on Grant’s army around Shiloh Church, and though Grant’s men had been encamped there, they had failed to create defensive fortifications or earthworks. They were also badly caught by surprise. With nearly 45,000 Confederates attacking, Johnston’s army began to steadily push Grant’s men back toward the river. As fate would have it, the Confederates may have been undone by friendly fire at Shiloh. Johnston advanced out ahead of his men on horseback while directing a charge near a peach orchard when he was hit in the lower leg by a bullet that historians now widely believe was fired by his own men. Nobody thought the wound was serious, including Johnston, who continued to aggressively lead his men and even sent his personal physician to treat wounded Union soldiers taken captive. But the bullet had clipped an artery, and shortly after being wounded Johnston began to feel faint in the saddle. With blood filling up his boot, Johnston unwittingly bled to death. The delay caused by his death, and the transfer of command to subordinate P.G.T. Beauregard, bought the Union defenders critical time on April 6, and the following day Grant’s reinforced army struck back and pushed the Confederate army off the field. The bloodiest day in American history took place on the 75th anniversary of the signing of the Constitution. On September 17, 1862, Robert E. Lee’s Confederate Army of Northern Virginia fought George McClellan’s Union Army of the Potomac outside Sharpsburg along Antietam Creek. That day, nearly 25,000 would become casualties, and Lee’s army would barely survive fighting the much bigger Northern army. Although the battle was tactically a draw, it resulted in forcing Lee’s army out of Maryland and back into Virginia, making it a strategic victory for the North and an opportune time for President Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing all slaves in the rebellious states. Shiloh & Antietam explains the two crucial campaigns of 1862, including the events that led up to the decisive battles, what went right and wrong on both sides, and the aftermath of the battles. Accounts of the battles by important leaders like Lee, McClellan, Sherman, Grant, Beauregard and others are included, along with analysis of the generals and fighting. Along with maps of the battles and pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about Antietam and Shiloh like you never have before.
